Trash It Don’t Flush It!

The use of wet wipes has become more popular, with a range of styles available including eye make-up removers, baby wipes and ‘toilet’ wipes. But incorrect labelling and marketing of wet wipes as ‘flushable’ has resulted in serious plumbing issues by contributing to ‘fatbergs’ – congealed lumps of fat, sanitary items, wet wipes and so on. Wet wipes don’t disintegrate like toilet paper when flushed. They typically contain plastic so, once they reach the sea, they last for a long time, causing havoc with marine life.

Make sure that you dispose of them in the rubbish bin rather than in your toilet. Aside from the risk to our oceans, waterways and wildlife, it is estimated that Australian water utilities spend $15 million each year removing wet wipes from sewage treatment plants and pumping stations. Households can face plumbing bills in the thousands of dollars.

What about ‘biodegradable’ wet wipes?

Biodegradable wet wipes are often marketed as a more eco-friendly alternative to conventional polyester wipes, but it’s important to understand their true environmental impact. While they do offer some benefits over traditional wipes, they aren’t without their own set of challenges.

The Pros of Biodegradable Wet Wipes

1. Faster Decomposition: Biodegradable wipes are made from natural fibers like bamboo, cotton, or wood pulp, which decompose more quickly than synthetic materials like polyester. Under ideal conditions, they can break down in a matter of months, compared to the hundreds of years it takes for plastic-based wipes.
2. Reduced Microplastic Pollution: Unlike polyester wipes, biodegradable wipes do not contribute to microplastic pollution. Since they are made from natural materials, they break down into organic matter rather than tiny plastic particles.
3. Lower Environmental Footprint: The production of biodegradable wipes often has a lower environmental impact compared to polyester wipes. Natural fibers typically require less energy and fewer resources to produce, and they are often sourced from renewable materials.

The Cons and Considerations

1. Incomplete Degradation: While biodegradable wipes are designed to break down more quickly, they require specific conditions—such as high temperatures, moisture, and microbial activity—to fully decompose. These conditions are not always present in landfills or marine environments, where many wipes end up, potentially leading to slower degradation.
2. Flushability Issues: Some biodegradable wipes are labeled as “flushable,” but even these can cause problems in plumbing and wastewater systems. They may not break down quickly enough, leading to blockages and contributing to “fatbergs” (large masses of waste that clog sewer systems).
3. Misleading Labels: The term “biodegradable” can be misleading. Not all biodegradable wipes are created equal, and some may contain additives or chemicals that reduce their environmental benefits. It’s important to look for certifications from credible organizations to ensure the product truly meets biodegradable standards.
4. Energy and Water Use: The production of natural fibers still requires energy and water, and in some cases, the cultivation of crops like cotton can be resource-intensive. The overall environmental impact can vary depending on the specific material and production process.

Making a More Informed Choice

While biodegradable wet wipes are generally a better option than polyester wipes, they are not a perfect solution. To make a more sustainable choice:

Compost When Possible: If you have access to composting facilities that accept biodegradable wipes, this can be a responsible disposal method that ensures the wipes break down fully and contribute to soil health.

Choose Truly Biodegradable Products: Look for wipes that are certified by reputable organizations and are free from harmful chemicals or additives.

Avoid Flushing: Even if wipes are labeled as “flushable,” it’s best to dispose of them in the trash rather than flushing them down the toilet to avoid plumbing and environmental issues.

Consider Reusables: Whenever possible, opt for reusable cloth wipes made from sustainable materials. They significantly reduce waste and can be washed and reused multiple times.